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TECHNOLOGIQUE
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Original Research
Delphi-Based Prioritization of Climate and Weather- Related Risks and Their Time-Cost-Quality-Safety Effects on Public Infrastructure Projects in Leyte, Philippines
Technologique
Volume 9 | Issue 1 | 2026 | 83 – 99
Engr. Ben Daniel N. Gamutan 1,2, ORCID No. 0009 – 0009 – 3129 – 2521
Engr. Marvin O. Mallari 3, PhD, ORCID No. 0000 – 0002 – 6662 – 5105
1Faculty, Department of Civil Engineering, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines
2Master of Science in Construction Management, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sta. Mesa, Manila, Philippines
3Special Lecturer, Open University System, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sta. Mesa, Manila, Philippines
Article History:
Initial submission: 28 August 2026
First decision: 03 September 2026
Revision received: 15 October 2026
Accepted for publication: 20 October 2026
Online release: 24 October 2026
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Abstract
Climate and weather-related hazards pose significant challenges to infrastructure project implementation in Leyte Province, Philippines, where typhoons, heavy rainfall, flooding, landslides, and coastal hazards can disrupt construction activities and affect project performance. This study aimed to identify, assess, and prioritize climate and weather-related risks affecting public infrastructure projects in Leyte Province and to determine their effects on project time, cost, quality, and safety. A three-round Delphi study was conducted with 18 infrastructure professionals, all of whom participated in each round. Round 1 focused on risk identification, while Rounds 2 and 3 assessed and validated the frequency and severity of the identified risks using a five-point Likert scale. Frequency Index, Severity Index, and Importance Index were used to assess and prioritize the risks, while Pareto Analysis was applied to determine their cumulative contribution to the overall risk profile. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to examine differences in expert assessments across selected respondent characteristics. The study identified 49 climate and weather-related risks grouped into seven themes. The three highest-ranked risks were disruption of project logistics and material delivery during typhoon events (II = 0.693), delay or suspension of construction activities due to typhoon events (II = 0.667), and storm surge impacts on coastal infrastructure (II = 0.604). The TCQS assessment showed that these risks had varying effects on project performance, with logistics disruption having its strongest effects on cost and quality, while typhoon-related work suspension had its strongest effects on time and safety. Overall, the findings demonstrate that climate and weather-related risks should be explicitly considered in public infrastructure planning and construction management in Leyte Province, particularly in prioritizing risks and developing measures to minimize their effects on project performance.
Keywords: Climate and Weather-Related Risks; Infrastructure Projects; Delphi Method; Importance Index; Pareto Analysis
Cite this article
APA (7th edition)
League, W. Z. A. (2026). Construction management perspectives on flood control infrastructure efficiency: A case study of Bay, Laguna. Technologique, 9(1), 66-82. https://doi.org/10.62718/vmca.tech-gjtdsi.9.1.SC-0726-015.
Copyright
Copyright © 2026. The Author/s. Published by VMC Analytiks Multidisciplinary Journal News Publishing Services. Delphi-Based Prioritization of Climate and Weather-Related Risks and Their Time-Cost-Quality-Safety Effects on Public Infrastructure Projects in Leyte, Philippines © 2026 by Ben Daniel N. Gamutan and Marvin O. Mallari is an open access article licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0). This permits the copying, redistribution, remixing, transforming, and building upon the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially, provided that appropriate credit is given to the copyright owner/s through proper and standard citation.
Author contributions
Ben Daniel N. Gamutan: Conceptualization, methodology, data collection, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, visualization, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing
Marvin O. Mallari: Conceptualization, supervision, validation, methodology review, and writing—review and editing.
Both authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to be accountable for the work.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Institutional ethics review statement
This study received ethical clearance from the University Research Ethics Committee of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP-UREC) under OUSREC Code 0226-0098. The study was granted an exempted review and was approved on March 6, 2026, with the ethical clearance valid until March 6, 2027. The research was conducted in accordance with the approved research protocol and applicable ethical requirements.
Data availability statement
The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, subject to applicable ethical and confidentiality requirements.
Declaration of generative AI use/assistance
AI-assisted language editing and writing support were used during the preparation of this manuscript. The authors reviewed, revised, and verified the content, and remain fully responsible for the accuracy, interpretation, and final version of the manuscript.
Acknowledgement
– (not available).
Publisher’s disclaimer
The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. The publisher disclaims any responsibility for errors or omissions.