Article credentials

Original Research

The Moderating Effect of Gender on the Relationship Between Visual Quality and Purchase Intention Among Online Shoppers of Clothes in CALABARZON

Business Fora: Business and Allied Industries International Journal

ISSN Online: 3028-1334 | Print: 3028-1326

Volume 6 | Issue 2 | 2026 | 128 – 146

Marinelle M. Lontoc, ORCID No. 0009-0004-3628-935X

Master in Business Administration, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Sta. Mesa, Manila, Philippines

Article History:

Initial submission: 15 August 2025
First decision: 22 August 2025
Revision received: 28 January 2026
Accepted for publication: 03 February 2026
Online release: 11 February 2026

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Abstract

In the digital marketplace, where physical evaluations of products are lacking, visual cues in the form of product photos play a crucial role in shaping consumer buying decisions. This study examined the impact of the visual quality of online clothing product photos on consumers’ purchase intentions in the CALABARZON region, Philippines, and the moderating role of gender. Guided by the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model, the study examined how visual quality influences purchase intention in online clothing shopping and the moderating effect of gender on this relationship. A descriptive-correlational quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected from 394 respondents through a structured survey. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to examine the relationships between variables. Findings revealed a strong and statistically significant positive relationship between visual quality and purchase intention among online apparel shoppers in CALABARZON, suggesting that enhancing visual quality directly leads to a higher likelihood of consumers making a purchase. However, the study concluded that gender does not significantly moderate the effect of visual quality on purchase intention among online clothing shoppers in CALABARZON. This implies that the impact of visual quality on purchasing decisions remains consistent across different gender identities. Therefore, efforts to improve visual quality in online apparel platforms are likely to universally enhance purchase intention, irrespective of the consumer’s gender. This research offers practical insights for online clothing businesses and adds to the understanding of online visual merchandising in the local e-commerce context.

Keywords: visual merchandising, online clothes shopping, consumer purchase intention, gender moderation, online clothing store, CALABARZON

Cite this article

APA (7th edition)

Lontoc, M. M. (2026). The moderating effect of gender on the relationship between visual quality and purchase intention among online shoppers of clothes in CALABARZON. Business Fora: Business and Allied Industries International Journal, 6(2), 125–143. https://doi.org/10.62718/vmca.bf-baiij.6.2.SC-1125-005.docx&action=default&mobileredirect=true)

Author contributions

– (Not applicable).

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Institutional ethics review statement

Ethical approval was obtained from the University Research Ethics Center of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.

Data availability statement

The data supporting the findings of this study are not publicly available due to confidentiality and ethical considerations involving the respondents.

Declaration of generative AI use/assistance

AI-assisted language editing was performed using Grammarly. The author reviewed and approved all content.

Acknowledgement

– (not  available).

Publisher’s disclaimer

The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. The publisher disclaims any responsibility for errors or omissions.

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